DETECTION OF ACETATE PRESENT IN GIVEN ORGANIC COMPOUND

Experiment No. 12: DETECTION OF ACETATE PRESENT IN GIVEN ORGANIC COMPOUND

OBJECTIVE:

TO IDENTIFY THE ORGANIC COMPOUND PRESENT IN THE GIVEN ORGANIC SAMPLE

APPARATUS REQUIRED

1. Watch glass
2. Tong
3. Burner
4. Porcelain basin
5. Beaker
6. Test tube

CHEMICALS REQUIRED

• Given organic sample
• Blue and red litmus paper
• Other reagent

THEORY

Organic compounds are hydrocarbon and their derivatives. They are mainly made up of two parts- alkyl and functional group part. The functional group is defined as the atom or group of atoms that determines the characteristic properties of the organic compound. Some examples of functional groups are -OH, -CHO, -COOH, etc.

PROCEDURE

First of all, a preliminary test was performed. Then confirmatory test was done to identify the given organic compound.

OBSERVATION

1. Preliminary test:

a. Solubility: Soluble in water
b. Odour: Fruity odour
c. Colour: Colourless
d. Litmus paper test: Neutral
e. Residue test :

Experiment	Observation	Inference
Residue/Evaporation test: A few drops of the solution were evaporated on the watch glass over the water bath.	A solid residue was formed that gives vinegar smell on treating with conc. H2SO4.	May be acetate.

Confirmatory Test

Test of acetone

Experiment	Observation	Inference
1. 2 ml of original solution was taken in a clean and dry test tube and 2 ml of ethyl alcohol was added to it. Then a few drops of conc. H2SO4 was added and heated.	A fruity smell was observed	Presence of acetate
2. 2 ml of original solution was taken in a clean and dry test tube and 2 ml of AgNO3 solution was added to it.	White ppt. was formed that doesnot turn black on heating.	Presence of acetate.
3. 2 ml of the original solution was taken in a clean and a dry test tube and a few drops of ferric chloride solution were added to it.	A deep red colour was formed which changed to reddish brown on boiling	Presence of acetate

Reactions involved

RESULT

Hence, acetate was found in the given solution.

CONCLUSION

Hence, organic compounds can be tested using specific reagents.

PRECAUTION

1. Apparatus should be handled carefully.
2. The sample should be taken in small amounts.
3. Heating should be done carefully.

Structure:

IUPAC name: Ethanoate
Common name: Acetate