Population, Environment and Development Activities:
- Summation of all the people inhabiting a particular geographical area at a certain time is known as population.
- The world human population estimated by the United States Census Bureau is 7.8 billion.
- All the living and non-living thing that occur in nature such as animals, birds, microorganisms, soil, air, water, etc that affect human survival and economic activity is known as the environment.
- Development is the process of growth or advancement over the existing status to full human needs.
- Population, Environment, and Development are interdependent and interrelated to each other.
- Agriculture, industry, Health, Security, Communication housing, employment, and culture show the integral relation of population, environment, and development activities.
- For conducting these activities we should be careful to balance among population, environment, and development.
Agriculture:
- Important for both the survival of human and their economy.
- About two-thirds of the population is, directly and indirectly, dependent on Agriculture and more than one-third of the GDP has been contributed by agriculture.
- Environmental resources like and water, climate temperatures are utilized for the production of agricultural products and also helps to develop people and the country.
Industry:
- Industry utilized the local resources, mobilizes the manpower, generate employment opportunities to manufacture goods.
- The overexploitation of natural resources, low efficiency of production, lack of modern equipment technology, pollution, difficult topography are the problems that exist in the field of industry.
Health:
- Fundamental rights under Article 35 of the constitution of Nepal, 2072.
- A clean and pollution-free environment prevent human from various diseases and illness As a result healthy population could perform better towards development Activities.
Social Security:
- The constitution of Nepal, 2072 has included social security as a fundamental right under Article 43.
- The protection and preservation of all the cuticles by providing special privileges to the underprivileged people to include all the citizens in the development.
- Programs conducted in Nepal are social security programs to the employees, monthly allowance for senior citizens, widowed women, etc.
Housing:
- Basic needs of human life proper housing improve human health but improper housing or unmanaged housing create a negative impact on the environment and development.
Education:
- Creates knowledge and awareness towards the utilization and preservation of natural resources and the environment.
- Education provides knowledge to human beings for the achievement of maximum development through optimum use of natural resources.
- One of the fundamental rights under Article 31 of the constitution of Nepal, 2072.
Communication:
- Resource for the faster development and no development is possible without communication.
Human Resource:
- Necessary for the economic development, social development, and prosperity in the community.
- Humans must be availed with necessary knowledge and skill, proper health, motivation, and encore.
- Agreement result-oriented performance and efficient development at a faster rate.
Employment:
- Basic factors for development that provide the opportunity for generating income, teacher skills, techniques, and knowledge in a particular field, helps to improve quality of life and contributes to the development of the country.
- Unemployment among the youth has caused them to involve in drug abused criminal activities.
Culture:
- The norms and values that show us the way to lead our lives.
- Good culture shows the path towards development, teacher to maintain harmony in society and guides everyone to preserve and promote the environment.
Balanced Regional Development:
- The development of all regions simultaneously raising the income and living standard of people.
- Establishment of infrastructures of development likes health, education, transport, communication, tourism, etc in all regions equally.
- Regional development balance can be analyzed by comparing the human development index as literacy rate; life expectancy and per capita income are used to determine the Human Development Index.
Importance of Balanced Regional Development:
- Make proper utilization of local resources
- The disparity among different regions reduces.
- The reduction of imbalance among different socio-economic groups is possible.
Sustainable Development:
Principle for achieving the required development without overexploitation of natural resources.
Importance of Sustainable Development:
- Proper utilization of Resources: Maximum development with minimum resources
- Accountability: Has the norms which state that whoever uses the resources should be responsible for their conservation too.
- Development of Basic Aspects: Gives priority to basic needs of human-like education, health, agriculture, tourism, and other socioeconomic.
- Public Participation Based Development: The basic aspect of sustainable development.
- Long Term Vision: Long terms goals must be set before conducting development activities.
Objectives of Sustainable Development:
- Conservation of the environment
- Poverty mitigation
- Preservation of cultural heritage
- Proper and wise utilization of natural resources.
Principle of Sustainable Development:
- Conservation of Ecosystem
- Development of sustainable society
- Conservation of Biodiversity
- Population management
- Development of Human Resource
- Public participation Based development
- Conservation of cultural heritage
- Remaining within the Limit of carrying capacity
- Improvement of quality life
- Environmental conservation
