Population, Environment, and Development

Population, Environment and Development Activities:

• Summation of all the people inhabiting a particular geographical area at a certain time is known as population.
• The world human population estimated by the United States Census Bureau is 7.8 billion.
• All the living and non-living thing that occur in nature such as animals, birds, microorganisms, soil, air, water, etc that affect human survival and economic activity is known as the environment.
• Development is the process of growth or advancement over the existing status to full human needs.
• Population, Environment, and Development are interdependent and interrelated to each other.
• Agriculture, industry, Health, Security, Communication housing, employment, and culture show the integral relation of population, environment, and development activities.
• For conducting these activities we should be careful to balance among population, environment, and development.

Agriculture:

• Important for both the survival of human and their economy.
• About two-thirds of the population is, directly and indirectly, dependent on Agriculture and more than one-third of the GDP has been contributed by agriculture.
• Environmental resources like and water, climate temperatures are utilized for the production of agricultural products and also helps to develop people and the country.

Industry:

• Industry utilized the local resources, mobilizes the manpower, generate employment opportunities to manufacture goods.
• The overexploitation of natural resources, low efficiency of production, lack of modern equipment technology, pollution, difficult topography are the problems that exist in the field of industry.

Health:

• Fundamental rights under Article 35 of the constitution of Nepal, 2072.
• A clean and pollution-free environment prevent human from various diseases and illness As a result healthy population could perform better towards development Activities.

Social Security:

• The constitution of Nepal, 2072 has included social security as a fundamental right under Article 43.
• The protection and preservation of all the cuticles by providing special privileges to the underprivileged people to include all the citizens in the development.
• Programs conducted in Nepal are social security programs to the employees, monthly allowance for senior citizens, widowed women, etc.

Housing:

• Basic needs of human life proper housing improve human health but improper housing or unmanaged housing create a negative impact on the environment and development.

Education:

• Creates knowledge and awareness towards the utilization and preservation of natural resources and the environment.
• Education provides knowledge to human beings for the achievement of maximum development through optimum use of natural resources.
• One of the fundamental rights under Article 31 of the constitution of Nepal, 2072.

Communication:

• Resource for the faster development and no development is possible without communication.

Human Resource:

• Necessary for the economic development, social development, and prosperity in the community.
• Humans must be availed with necessary knowledge and skill, proper health, motivation, and encore.
• Agreement result-oriented performance and efficient development at a faster rate.

Employment:

• Basic factors for development that provide the opportunity for generating income, teacher skills, techniques, and knowledge in a particular field, helps to improve quality of life and contributes to the development of the country.
• Unemployment among the youth has caused them to involve in drug abused criminal activities.

Culture:

• The norms and values that show us the way to lead our lives.
• Good culture shows the path towards development, teacher to maintain harmony in society and guides everyone to preserve and promote the environment.

Balanced Regional Development:

• The development of all regions simultaneously raising the income and living standard of people.
• Establishment of infrastructures of development likes health, education, transport, communication, tourism, etc in all regions equally.
• Regional development balance can be analyzed by comparing the human development index as literacy rate; life expectancy and per capita income are used to determine the Human Development Index.

Importance of Balanced Regional Development:

• Make proper utilization of local resources
• The disparity among different regions reduces.
• The reduction of imbalance among different socio-economic groups is possible.

Sustainable Development:

Principle for achieving the required development without overexploitation of natural resources.

Importance of Sustainable Development:

• Proper utilization of Resources: Maximum development with minimum resources
• Accountability: Has the norms which state that whoever uses the resources should be responsible for their conservation too.
• Development of Basic Aspects: Gives priority to basic needs of human-like education, health, agriculture, tourism, and other socioeconomic.
• Public Participation Based Development: The basic aspect of sustainable development.
• Long Term Vision: Long terms goals must be set before conducting development activities.

Objectives of Sustainable Development:

• Conservation of the environment
• Poverty mitigation
• Preservation of cultural heritage
• Proper and wise utilization of natural resources.

Principle of Sustainable Development:

• Conservation of Ecosystem
• Development of sustainable society
• Conservation of Biodiversity
• Population management
• Development of Human Resource
• Public participation Based development
• Conservation of cultural heritage
• Remaining within the Limit of carrying capacity
•  Improvement of quality life
• Environmental conservation