To detect the acid radical present in given inorganic salt (S1)

sajhanotesUpdatedJanuary 27, 20243 min read

Experiment 14: TO DETECT THE ACID RADICAL PRESENT IN GIVEN INORGANIC SALT

OBJECTIVE

TO DETECT THE ACID RADICAL PRESENT IN GIVEN INORGANIC SALT (S1) BY WET WAYS METHOD

APPARATUS REQUIRED

Test tube
Test tube holder
Test tube stand

CHEMICALS REQUIRED

AgNO₃
BaCl₂
HNO₃

THEORY

Qualitative inorganic analysis is concerned with detecting and identifying radicals present in inorganic salt or a mixture of salts. Inorganic salts are the outcome of the neutralization of acids with base. Each inorganic salt consists of two parts. The part contributed by acid is called acid radical or anion and the part contributed by base is called basic radical or cation. For example, in sodium chloride, which can be obtained by the neutralization of base NaOH with acid HCl, Na+ is the basic radical and Cl- is the acid radical.

PROCEDURE

The original solution was prepared by dissolving the given salt sample in water. The sample was subjected to several tests for the detection of acid radicals in the salt.

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES

State: Crystalline solid
Colour: White
Odour: Odourless
Solubility: Soluble in water

OBSERVATION TABLE

Experiment	Observation	Inference
1. AgNO₃ test: 2 ml of the original solution was taken in a clean and dry test tube which was acidified with dilute nitric acid and a few drops of AgNO₃ the solution was added to it.	Curdy white ppt. was obtained which was soluble in ammonium hydroxide solution and reappeared with the addition of nitric acid.	Presence of Cl^–
2. BaCl₂ test: 2 ml of the original solution was taken in a clean and dry test tube and a few drops of barium chloride solution was added to it.	White ppt. was not formed.	Absence of SO₄^{– –}or CO₃^{– –}
3. Ring test: 2 ml of the original solution was taken in a clean and dry test tube and double the volume of conc. H₂SO₄ was added. The content was cooled and freshly prepared FeSO₄ was added through the walls of the test tube and was allowed to stand for some time.	The brown ring was not formed	Absence of NO₃^–

Reactions involved

Cl^{-}+AgNO_{3}\rightarrow \underset{white\ ppt.}{AgCl}+NO_{3}^{-}

To detect the acid radical present in given inorganic salt (S1)

RESULT

The acid radical present in the given inorganic salt was found to be Cl^– (chloride ion).

CONCLUSION

We can detect the acid radical present in given inorganic salt by wet ways.

PRECAUTION

Salt solution should be used in small amounts.
The salt solution should not be too concentrated.
The test tube should be clean and dry.